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Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Politics
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| Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Politics |
Aestheticism or aestheticization of Politics was composed by Walter Benjamin as an element to Fascist regimes. In this approach, life is recognized
as artistic related to Politics.
The aestheticization of politics was connected to the Italian Futurist movement and was affirmed as its main reason for the involvement in the Fascist regime of Italy.
For Benjamin, the politicization of aesthetics was treated conceptually as the extreme opposite of the aestheticization of politics.
Walter Benjamin (1892-1940), was born in Berlin on July 15, 1892. He was an exceptional symbol in 20th century thinking,he considered himself a "Man of Letters" and a classical critic more than a philosopher.
Walter Benjamin played a big role in Aestheticism, his presence always a privacy, and the materials left behind are fractional, leaving scholars, translators and historians in a big argument about the essence of his ideas and work . Documents have been lost, and his short and confused life was full of personal and political conflicts , leaving much a big open debate about his life.
Walter Benjamin had a lot of notable ideas,one of them in "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" of the Aestheticism of politics. This approach is considered by Walter Benjamin as the concept of "aura" and its loss. The loss of the aure, the onetimness of the work of art which relates to it, is defined by Benjamin is a part of a material process of technological and accordingly artistic change which is not defined to art by itself . Art only devices this change which decrease the evidence of authenticity and the change into mass consumerism of aesthetics. The new design of art, photography and cinema, brought a new type of collective reception.For Walter Benjamin's eyes you are how you see your art, and you are something completely different when you stand in front of original art than a picture of it or through a technological way.
Fascism and capitalism took advantage of this activity of art to their own demands by using its sense.Through the circumstances of acceptance formed by the aura. Capitalism uses the aura to find the person as self supporting , self reliant and able,while fascism uses it to completely delete the person . Both capitalism and fascism process what Walter Benjamin calls aestheticization of politics.
The Marxist counterbalance to the aestheticization of politics with respect to Walter Benjamin should be the politicization of the aesthetic. The politicization of the aesthetic is conducted in two manners: by determining combating the manners art is accomplished and by distinguishing its revolutionary future . "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" is a trial to bring political character to aesthetics. The structure of culture for Walter Benjamin is the structure of society. While in fascism the art comes from the leader.
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Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Violence in Arts and Media
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| Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Violence in arts and media |
Violence is everything that is related to danger or crime which is appreciated by society as aestheticization of violence. The aestheticization of violence improves stylish violence in actions and sceneries and advance them into artistic form.For example, the shooting of an actor in a movie is purposely extended longer in order to characterize the fierceness of a scene.
Many people disagree about showing violence as an art,but the majority believe that Aestheticism or aestheticization of violence is accepted emotionally and visionary.
The audience in general and young people in particular are affected by the danger of violence in the media.
Research showed that violence in art and media is related to hatred toward society and a relief of personal identity. Hundreds of years ago a lot of wall paintings showed violent activities like a painting about hunting. That assures us that violence isn't a new thing.
Today, the Aestheticism of violence has become more accepted as a new direction. Many people in the world have realized its vital role and have started to use it on purpose.
History shows us the need of violence as an advertising dynamism.
The painting, Guernica by Pablo Picasso, has a use of violence as an art.The terrible images of death of a shouting woman,a child burning in flames or a soldier with a rifle in his hands have been clearly shown admitting the despair and holy mess under the ruthless attack committed by the Nazis.Those images can make an enormous emotional responses among society,that's why this picture is present in the United Nations as a symbol against war.
In the movie industry today,directors have modified the art's form in a revolutionary way. They worked so hard to make violence in their movies looking beautiful. The Godfather,kill bill,reservoir dogs and Pulp fiction are the newest examples of such attempts. Close-up shooting is used to the violent acts in order to give the audiences a big impression.
Aestheticization of violence is putting violence in a significant and stylistic way, in a form of art or in media, means the beauty of violence in films. Quentin Tarantino is one of these directors that uses extensively violence and blood in his films. His characters help him to shape the violence. , and to mean something different.
Pulp Fiction is Quentin Tarantino’s finest work, with alluring script and strange storylines, it is marked as a cult film. Every detail of its violence is functional and the characters in this film brought violence in a complex charming funny way.
Today, Aestheticism or aestheticization of violence is used to create visual effects unlike the past where it was for emotional effects. not only to create emotional consensus like the past, but also create visual effects. For sure many people oppose this type of art,but the majority do accept and welcome it.
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Aestheticism Art and The Cult of Beauty
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| Aestheticism Art and The Cult of Beauty |
1860s-1890s
Aestheticism art and the new 'Cult of Beauty' in the 1860s assembled, romantic bohemians like Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones, maverick figures such as James McNeill Whistler, and from Paris the 'Olympians' - the painters of grand classical subjects who belonged to the circle of Frederic Leighton and G.F.Watts.
Rossetti and friends realized their imaginative world in the creation of 'artistic' furniture and the decoration. At this time, the public was fascinated by the artists' houses and extravagant lifestyles which led to a revolution in the architecture and interior decoration. The need for beauty in everyday life was not a hard thing to recognize.
It was aestheticism art or the cult of beauty.
Collaborative works of James McNeill Whistler and the architect E.W.Godwin showed the mutual influence between the artist and Designer. Godwin designed the painter's studio, The White House,and innovative furniture. Characterized by elegance and eccentricity, Whistler and Godwin's work had similarities between ancient Greek art, the Japanese prints and early arrivals artifacts from Europe.
During this Aestheticism leading Aesthetic artists, Whistler, Leighton, Watts, Albert Moore and Burne-Jones advanced a new kind of painting with the presence of all mood, colour harmony and beauty of form. Subject played no part. The opening of the Grosvenor Gallery gave the Aesthetic painters a fashionable showcase for their art.
The immense success of the Grosvenor Gallery flagged the evolution of a new artistic upper-class whose distinction offered an fantastic challenge to the Royal Academy. Aesthetic painting became an enthusiasm for the wealthy and intellectual. Also the rise of Aestheticism in painting was equal to the interest in the decoration of houses artistically.
Popularity of Aestheticism art and Cult of beauty, attracted many leading firms making furniture, ceramics, metalwork and textiles curated artists such as Walter Crane and Christopher Dresser. With a period of fantastic development of domestic markets, the styles advantaged by Aesthetic designers were the first to be taken advantage through commercial activity.
The first celebrity style-master Oscar Wilde, invented an dazzling attitude of 'poetic intensity', but made his name advertise the idea of 'The House Beautiful'. By the 1880s Britain was in the arm of the 'greenery-yallery' Aesthetic Craze, lovingly satirist by Gilbert and Sullivan in their famous comic opera Patience and by the comic artist George Du Maurier in the pages of Punch.
In the last decade of Queen Victoria's monarchy the Aestheticism Movement entered it's end, appealing depraved chapter, made up by the amazing colorless drawings of Aubrey Beardsley in The Yellow Book.
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Oscar Wilde Aestheticism
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| Oscar Wilde Aestheticism |
Oscar Wilde promoted the aestheticism movement impressively at the end of the 19th century. Algernon Charles Swinburne and Edgar Allan Poe were Oscar Wilde's influence. Wilde's aestheticism concentrated more on individual than the Industrialism all this happened with the help of Walter Pater.
Oscar Wilde defended freedom from honorable self discipline and the limitations of society.
A volume titled Intentions is the most important of Wilde's critical works and his contribution is Aestheticism, it consists of four essays: "The Decay of Lying," "Pen, Pencil and Poison," "The Critic as Artist," and "The Truth of Masks."
"The Decay of Lying" was called by Oscar Wilde a "trumpet against the gate of dullness" in a letter to Kate Terry Lewis. It takes place in the library of a country house in Nottinghamshire. The actors are Cyril and Vivian. Vivian defends one of the principles of Oscar Wilde's Aestheticism: Art is superior to Nature. Nature has goals but can't carry them out. Nature is awkward ,boring, and without design when compared to Art.
"Pen, Pencil and Poison" is a biographical essay on the glaring writer, murderer, and pretender Thomas Griffiths Wainewright, who used the pen name "Janus Weathercock."
Oscar Wilde's way is that Wainewright's criminal activities show the spirit of a real artist.As creative acts, there is no significant difference between art and murder. Life itself is an art, and the true artist presents his life as his finest work. Wilde, who attempted to make this difference in his own life by his trials to re-create himself, this includes the theme in The Picture of Dorian Gray.
"The Critic as Artist," is his longest essay. It is given considered to be a response to Matthew Arnold's essay "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time"Arnold's position is that the creative faculty is higher than the critical.
The setting of the dialogue is a library in a house in London's Piccadilly area, and the principal characters are Gilbert and Ernest.
Along with the central theme of the importance of the critic, Gilbert approves the acceptation of the individual. The man makes the times; the times do not make the man. He defends "Sin is an important element of advance." Sin helps affirm individuality and avoid the dullness of willingness .
The best criticism must cast off ordinary guidelines, especially those of Realism, and accept the aesthetics of Impressionism — what a reader feels when reading a work of literature rather than what a reader thinks, or reasons, while reading. The critic must transcend literal events and consider the "imaginative passions of the mind." The critic should not seek to explain a work of art but should seek to deepen its mystery.
More important within the context of Intentions, Wilde himself always put great emphasis on appearance and the masks, or costumes, with which the artist or individual confronts the world.
Oscar Wilde says in art there is no such thing as an complete truth: "A Truth is that whose adverse is also true." This effect recalls Wilde's amazing respect for the mind of Walt Whitman.
It's not hard to see that Oscar Wilde loved to shock, he wouldn't want to be accused of genuineness, he was certainly devoted to Aestheticism in his life and art.
More Aestheticism
Aestheticism Movement Aestheticism Literature and picture of Dorian Gray
Oscar Wilde Aestheticism
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Politics
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Violence in Arts and Media
Aestheticism Art and The Cult of Beauty
Aestheticism Literature and picture of Dorian Gray
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| Aestheticism Literature |
Wilde’s main character, Dorian Gray, lives a life of pure pleasure and beauty, free from preachifying,and becomes interested only in that which is beautiful: Live the wonderful life that is in you! Let nothing be lost upon you.Henry, one of Wilde’s characters believes that pleasure is the highest aim for human life he says that Beauty is the wonder of wonders. It is only shallow people who do not judge by appearances.
Wilde, inspired by Kant’s first movement, is promising the idea that beauty is not something that can be felt logically through thought. It must be experienced aesthetically, meaning through its pleasures.What is beautiful is mysterious because it is just experienced through pleasure not through reason.
The Kant's Third Moment ideas that are most accustomed to Wilde’s novel is about the“Relation of the ends that are taken into consideration in them”Any time there is a concept which is thought to have caused an object, the object itself is a purpose. Because of this, products which are a result of human apprehension are thought the be purposive . True Beauty, Free Beauty, is purposive in its form only; there is no purpose of an end.
The language used by Lord Henry existed just to give pleasure for the reader and does not educate. Lord Henry writes whatever he feels like saying on any subject.
The man even expresses Aestheticism in a woman’s suicide: “Someone has killed herself for love of you. I wish that I had ever had such an experience. It would make me in love with love for the rest of my life".Henry wishes to be in love with love itself, not a person, and looks at the suicide with an emotional disjoining, totally not interested in reason.
It's clear that Oscar Wilde studied aestheticism theory when looking at The Picture of Dorian Gray. Also,looking into Wilde’s anti-bourgeois approach to art and beauty,we can say that he was influenced by Immanuel Kant. Especially his Critique of the Power of Judgement. Wilde's main characters are created as aesthetes,rejecting the idea of a “moral” filter. A moral filter would make his novel a academic , and if it was was intended to teach, it would be purposive. Wilde is inspired by Kant’s anti-purposiveness of art.
More Aestheticism
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Aestheticism Literature and picture of Dorian Gray
Oscar Wilde Aestheticism
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Politics
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Violence in Arts and Media
Aestheticism Art and The Cult of Beauty
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Aestheticism Movement
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| Aestheticism Movement |
"Aestheticism Movement" refers to the introduction of principles that focused attention on art in the production of furniture, metalwork, ceramics, stained glass, textiles, wallpapers, and books. The inspiration for its acceptance was the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876.Many Americans, artists and craftsmen as well as the general public, were revealed to art objects from a great variety of countries and periods. Most writers on the aestheticism Movement agree that it's rooted in the reaction to Mechanization in mid-19th century England. The aestheticism movement incorporated both tropical and historical sources of design generally, the Japanese influence became the strongest and the most popular.
The aestheticism movement in Britain was a part of a larger assessment of the Industrial Revolution, which had changed Britain and aligned political events that had created the power of the middle class. English designers and producers followed the pattern of conscious imitation that was created.Free use was also made of Japanese cloisonné wear, ivories, bronzes, lacquer and textiles. It wasn't too long before an English brand of Japonisme began to appear. English potters turned the pure European form of Japonisme into a decorative new 18th century chinoiserie. The styles became quite oriental. But it remained an expression of British culture.
At the time of the aestheticism movement,New ideas and shapes looked towards the 20th century. Many of the large firms were interested in the foreign influences. But Christopher Dresser and Edward Godwin responded to the oriental design, making it suitable for the 20th century. Godwin studied the designs of as many nations, but in these studies have become absorbed into an English style.A century ago,before the aestheticism movement,an artist and an intellectual William Morris,was searching for a new social order. He wrote, "I know by my own feelings & desires what these men want, what would have saved them from this lowest depth of savagery; Employment which would foster their self-respect and win the praise and sympathy of their fellows, and dwellings which could come to with pleasure, surroundings which would soothe and elevate them; reasonable labour, reasonable rest. There is only one thing that can give them this, and it is art".
Allure and classification were ignored for profit and quantity. The political philosophy was anti-aristocratic and the expression of that was rejection of the design by the rich poeple.There was also a religious element,which was the british values were affected with the religious beliefs.It was far from ceremonial and ocular symbols and more close to social and group ideals, it toughened the social nature of the movement. Whilst the aestheticism Movement definitely had its stylistic expressions, it was not simply an art movement but had a rather compound form of social, political and principled ideas of the British life during that time.
More Aestheticism
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Aestheticism Literature and picture of Dorian Gray
Oscar Wilde Aestheticism
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Politics
Aestheticism or Aestheticization of Violence in Arts and Media
Aestheticism Art and The Cult of Beauty
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